AI systems may have transformative and long-term effects on individuals and society. To manage these impacts responsibly and direct the development of AI systems toward optimal public benefit, considerations of AI ethics and governance must be a first priority. In this workbook, we introduce and describe our PBG Framework, a multi-tiered governance model that enables project teams to integrate ethical values and practical principles into their innovation practices and to have clear mechanisms for demonstrating and documenting this.

Abstract: AI is transforming the existing technology landscape at a rapid phase enabling data-informed decision making and autonomous decision making. Unlike any other technology, because of the decision-making ability of AI, ethics and governance became a key concern. There are many emerging AI risks for humanity, such as autonomous weapons, automation-spurred job loss, socio-economic inequality, bias caused by data and algorithms, privacy violations and deepfakes. Social diversity, equity and inclusion are considered key success factors of AI to mitigate risks, create values and drive social justice. Sustainability became a broad and complex topic entangled with AI. Many organizations (government, corporate, not-for-profits, charities and NGOs) have diversified strategies driving AI for business optimization and social-and-environmental justice.

Depending on which Terminator movies you watch, the evil artificial intelligence Skynet has either already taken over humanity or is about to do so. But it's not just science fiction writers who are worried about the dangers of uncontrolled AI. In a 2019 survey by Emerj, an AI research and advisory company, 14% of AI researchers said that AI was an "existential threat" to humanity. Even if the AI apocalypse doesn't come to pass, shortchanging AI ethics poses big risks to society -- and to the enterprises that deploy those AI systems. Central to these risks are factors inherent to the technology -- for example, how a particular AI system arrives at a given conclusion, known as its "explainability" -- and those endemic to an enterprise's use of AI, including reliance on biased data sets or deploying AI without adequate governance in place.

This evolution is largely powered by emerging startups that provide AI monitoring and governance solutions for businesses. Now, a big question mark for AI-driven companies is whether to outsource machine learning performance monitoring to companies like Credo, Fiddler and Arize AI, or build out internal capabilities to validate, monitor and analyze machine learning models.

As the AI technology marches ahead with significant innovations and transformation, people do raise concern what its future beholds. The futuristic implications of AI swings between two aspects – first the anticipated positive impact of AI on economies and societies and the second negative impact of its potential over humankind. Specifically, the governments in Asia and the civil society residing in the region are concerned about structuring regulatory frameworks to guard against the possible threats. However, business leaders in Asia are quite optimistic about AI's positive impact on businesses, societies, and the welfare of humanity. Some do believe that AI will be the major growth driver for the region in the coming years.

In 2016, AI became part of China's national technology development program to boost AI research and development and enter formally the race to become a leading AI nation. That China has made tremendous progress highlights a report published by Tsinghua University. According to the report, "China leads the world in AI papers, has become the largest owner of AI patents, has the world's second largest AI talent pool, and the highest venture investment in AI." China is running a neck-and-neck race with the United States, followed by countries like Japan and South Korea. Since 2018, however, a debate has also been underway in China about ethical and regulatory questions concerning the use of AI.

The MIT Media Lab and the Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society at Harvard University will serve as the founding anchor institutions for a new initiative aimed at bridging the gap between the humanities, the social sciences, and computing by addressing the global challenges of artificial intelligence (AI) from a multidisciplinary perspective. "Artificial intelligence agents will impact every part of our lives in every society on Earth. Technology and commerce will see to that," says Alberto Ibargüen, president and CEO of the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation, which is among those supporting the initiative. Initially funded with $27 million from the Knight Foundation; LinkedIn co-founder Reid Hoffman; the Omidyar Network; the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation; and Jim Pallotta, founder of the Raptor Group, the Ethics and Governance of Artificial Intelligence Fund's mission is to catalyze global research that advances AI for the public interest, with an emphasis on applied research and education. The fund will also seek to advance public understanding of AI. "AI's rapid development brings along a lot of tough challenges," explains Joi Ito, director of the MIT Media Lab.

The MIT Media Lab and the Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society at Harvard University will serve as the founding anchor institutions for a new initiative aimed at bridging the gap between the humanities, the social sciences, and computing by addressing the global challenges of artificial intelligence (AI) from a multidisciplinary perspective. "Artificial intelligence agents will impact every part of our lives in every society on Earth. Technology and commerce will see to that," says Alberto Ibargüen, president and CEO of the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation, which is among those supporting the initiative. Initially funded with $27 million from the Knight Foundation; LinkedIn co-founder Reid Hoffman; the Omidyar Network; the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation; and Jim Pallotta, founder of the Raptor Group, the Ethics and Governance of Artificial Intelligence Fund's mission is to catalyze global research that advances AI for the public interest, with an emphasis on applied research and education. The fund will also seek to advance public understanding of AI. "AI's rapid development brings along a lot of tough challenges," explains Joi Ito, director of the MIT Media Lab.